heat.arithmetics

Arithmetic functions for DNDarrays

Module Contents

add(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Element-wise addition of values from two operands, commutative. Takes the first and second operand (scalar or DNDarray) whose elements are to be added as argument and returns a DNDarray containing the results of element-wise addition of t1 and t2.

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – The first operand involved in the addition

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – The second operand involved in the addition

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the added value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> import heat as ht
>>> ht.add(1.0, 4.0)
DNDarray(5., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> T1 = ht.float32([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
>>> T2 = ht.float32([[2, 2], [2, 2]])
>>> ht.add(T1, T2)
DNDarray([[3., 4.],
          [5., 6.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> s = 2.0
>>> ht.add(T1, s)
DNDarray([[3., 4.],
          [5., 6.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
bitwise_and(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Compute the bitwise AND of two DNDarray t1 and t2 element-wise. Only integer and boolean types are handled. If t1.shape!=t2.shape, they must be broadcastable to a common shape (which becomes the shape of the output)

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – The first operand involved in the operation

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – The second operand involved in the operation

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the added value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> ht.bitwise_and(13, 17)
DNDarray(1, dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_and(14, 13)
DNDarray(12, dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_and(ht.array([14,3]), 13)
DNDarray([12,  1], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_and(ht.array([11,7]), ht.array([4,25]))
DNDarray([0, 1], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_and(ht.array([2,5,255]), ht.array([3,14,16]))
DNDarray([ 2,  4, 16], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_and(ht.array([True, True]), ht.array([False, True]))
DNDarray([False,  True], dtype=ht.bool, device=cpu:0, split=None)
bitwise_or(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Compute the bit-wise OR of two DNDarray t1 and t2 element-wise. Only integer and boolean types are handled. If t1.shape!=t2.shape, they must be broadcastable to a common shape (which becomes the shape of the output)

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – The first operand involved in the operation

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – The second operand involved in the operation

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the added value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> ht.bitwise_or(13, 16)
DNDarray(29, dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_or(32, 2)
DNDarray(34, dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_or(ht.array([33, 4]), 1)
DNDarray([33,  5], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_or(ht.array([33, 4]), ht.array([1, 2]))
DNDarray([33,  6], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_or(ht.array([2, 5, 255]), ht.array([4, 4, 4]))
DNDarray([  6,   5, 255], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_or(ht.array([2, 5, 255, 2147483647], dtype=ht.int32),
                  ht.array([4, 4, 4, 2147483647], dtype=ht.int32))
DNDarray([         6,          5,        255, 2147483647], dtype=ht.int32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_or(ht.array([True, True]), ht.array([False, True]))
DNDarray([True, True], dtype=ht.bool, device=cpu:0, split=None)
bitwise_xor(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Compute the bit-wise XOR of two arrays t1 and t2 element-wise. Only integer and boolean types are handled. If x1.shape!=x2.shape, they must be broadcastable to a common shape (which becomes the shape of the output).

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – The first operand involved in the operation

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – The second operand involved in the operation

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the added value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> ht.bitwise_xor(13, 17)
DNDarray(28, dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_xor(31, 5)
DNDarray(26, dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_xor(ht.array([31,3]), 5)
DNDarray([26,  6], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_xor(ht.array([31,3]), ht.array([5,6]))
DNDarray([26,  5], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_xor(ht.array([True, True]), ht.array([False, True]))
DNDarray([ True, False], dtype=ht.bool, device=cpu:0, split=None)
copysign(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, b: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float | int, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Create a new floating-point tensor with the magnitude of ‘a’ and the sign of ‘b’, element-wise

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – The input array

  • b (DNDarray or Number) – value(s) whose signbit(s) are applied to the magnitudes in ‘a’

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the divided value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> ht.copysign(ht.array([3, 2, -8, -2, 4]), 1)
DNDarray([3, 2, 8, 2, 4], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.copysign(ht.array([3., 2., -8., -2., 4.]), ht.array([1., -1., 1., -1., 1.]))
DNDarray([ 3., -2.,  8., -2.,  4.], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
cumprod(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, axis: int, dtype: heat.core.types.datatype = None, out=None) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Return the cumulative product of elements along a given axis.

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – Input array.

  • axis (int) – Axis along which the cumulative product is computed.

  • dtype (datatype, optional) – Type of the returned array, as well as of the accumulator in which the elements are multiplied. If dtype is not specified, it defaults to the datatype of a, unless a has an integer dtype with a precision less than that of the default platform integer. In that case, the default platform integer is used instead.

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must have the same shape and buffer length as the expected output but the type of the resulting values will be cast if necessary.

Examples

>>> a = ht.full((3,3), 2)
>>> ht.cumprod(a, 0)
DNDarray([[2., 2., 2.],
        [4., 4., 4.],
        [8., 8., 8.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
cumproduct

Alias for cumprod()

cumsum(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, axis: int, dtype: heat.core.types.datatype = None, out=None) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Return the cumulative sum of the elements along a given axis.

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – Input array.

  • axis (int) – Axis along which the cumulative sum is computed.

  • dtype (datatype, optional) – Type of the returned array and of the accumulator in which the elements are summed. If dtype is not specified, it defaults to the datatype of a, unless a has an integer dtype with a precision less than that of the default platform integer. In that case, the default platform integer is used.

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must have the same shape and buffer length as the expected output but the type will be cast if necessary.

Examples

>>> a = ht.ones((3,3))
>>> ht.cumsum(a, 0)
DNDarray([[1., 1., 1.],
          [2., 2., 2.],
          [3., 3., 3.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
diff(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, n: int = 1, axis: int = -1, prepend: int | float | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = None, append: int | float | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = None) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Calculate the n-th discrete difference along the given axis. The first difference is given by out[i]=a[i+1]-a[i] along the given axis, higher differences are calculated by using diff recursively. The shape of the output is the same as a except along axis where the dimension is smaller by n. The datatype of the output is the same as the datatype of the difference between any two elements of a. The split does not change. The output array is balanced.

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – Input array

  • n (int, optional) – The number of times values are differenced. If zero, the input is returned as-is. n=2 is equivalent to diff(diff(a))

  • axis (int, optional) – The axis along which the difference is taken, default is the last axis.

  • prepend (Union[int, float, DNDarray]) – Value to prepend along axis prior to performing the difference. Scalar values are expanded to arrays with length 1 in the direction of axis and the shape of the input array in along all other axes. Otherwise the dimension and shape must match a except along axis.

  • append (Union[int, float, DNDarray]) – Values to append along axis prior to performing the difference. Scalar values are expanded to arrays with length 1 in the direction of axis and the shape of the input array in along all other axes. Otherwise the dimension and shape must match a except along axis.

div(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Element-wise true division of values of operand t1 by values of operands t2 (i.e t1/t2). Operation is not commutative.

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – The first operand whose values are divided.

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – The second operand by whose values is divided.

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the divided value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Example

>>> ht.div(2.0, 2.0)
DNDarray(1., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> T1 = ht.float32([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
>>> T2 = ht.float32([[2, 2], [2, 2]])
>>> ht.div(T1, T2)
DNDarray([[0.5000, 1.0000],
          [1.5000, 2.0000]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> s = 2.0
>>> ht.div(s, T1)
DNDarray([[2.0000, 1.0000],
          [0.6667, 0.5000]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
divide

Alias for div()

divmod(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, out1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = None, out2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = None, /, out: Tuple[heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray] = (None, None), *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → Tuple[heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray]

Element-wise division remainder and quotient from an integer division of values of operand t1 by values of operand t2 (i.e. C Library function divmod). Result has the sign as the dividend t1. Operation is not commutative.

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – The first operand whose values are divided (may be floats)

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – The second operand by whose values is divided (may be floats)

  • out1 (DNDarray, optional) – The output array for the quotient. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned. If provided, it must be of the same shape as the expected output. Only one of out1 and out can be provided.

  • out2 (DNDarray, optional) – The output array for the remainder. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned. If provided, it must be of the same shape as the expected output. Only one of out2 and out can be provided.

  • out (tuple of two DNDarrays, optional) – Tuple of two output arrays (quotient, remainder), respectively. Both must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned. If provided, they must be of the same shape as the expected output. out1 and out2 cannot be used at the same time.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out1 array will be set to the quotient value and the out2 array will be set to the remainder value. Elsewhere, the out1 and out2 arrays will retain their original value. If an uninitialized out1 and out2 array is created via the default out1=None and out2=None, locations within them where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out1 and out2 arrays.

Examples

>>> ht.divmod(2.0, 2.0)
(DNDarray(1., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None), DNDarray(0., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None))
>>> T1 = ht.float32([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
>>> T2 = ht.float32([[2, 2], [2, 2]])
>>> ht.divmod(T1, T2)
(DNDarray([[0., 1.],
           [1., 2.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None), DNDarray([[1., 0.],
           [1., 0.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None))
>>> s = 2.0
>>> ht.divmod(s, T1)
(DNDarray([[2., 1.],
           [0., 0.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None), DNDarray([[0., 0.],
           [2., 2.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None))
floordiv(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Element-wise floor division of value(s) of operand t1 by value(s) of operand t2 (i.e. t1//t2), not commutative.

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – The first operand whose values are divided

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – The second operand by whose values is divided

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the divided value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> T1 = ht.float32([[1.7, 2.0], [1.9, 4.2]])
>>> ht.floordiv(T1, 1)
DNDarray([[1., 2.],
          [1., 4.]], dtype=ht.float64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> T2 = ht.float32([1.5, 2.5])
>>> ht.floordiv(T1, T2)
DNDarray([[1., 0.],
          [1., 1.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
floor_divide

Alias for floordiv()

fmod(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Element-wise division remainder of values of operand t1 by values of operand t2 (i.e. C Library function fmod). Result has the sign as the dividend t1. Operation is not commutative.

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – The first operand whose values are divided (may be floats)

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – The second operand by whose values is divided (may be floats)

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned. If provided, it must be of the same shape as the expected output.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the divided value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> ht.fmod(2.0, 2.0)
DNDarray(0., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> T1 = ht.float32([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
>>> T2 = ht.float32([[2, 2], [2, 2]])
>>> ht.fmod(T1, T2)
DNDarray([[1., 0.],
      [1., 0.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> s = 2.0
>>> ht.fmod(s, T1)
DNDarray([[0., 0.],
      [2., 2.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
gcd(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, b: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Returns the greatest common divisor of |a| and |b| element-wise.

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – The first input array, must be of integer type

  • b (DNDarray) – the second input array, must be of integer type

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the divided value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> import heat as ht
>>> T1 = ht.int(ht.ones(3)) * 9
>>> T2 = ht.arange(3) + 1
>>> ht.gcd(T1, T2)
DNDarray([1, 1, 3], dtype=ht.int32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
hypot(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, b: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Given the ‘legs’ of a right triangle, return its hypotenuse. Equivalent to \(sqrt(a^2 + b^2)\), element-wise.

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – The first input array

  • b (DNDarray) – the second input array

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the divided value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> a = ht.array([2.])
>>> b = ht.array([1.,3.,3.])
>>> ht.hypot(a,b)
DNDarray([2.2361, 3.6056, 3.6056], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
invert(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Computes the bitwise NOT of the given input DNDarray. The input array must be of integral or Boolean types. For boolean arrays, it computes the logical NOT. Bitwise_not is an alias for invert.

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – The input array to invert. Must be of integral or Boolean types

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must have the same shape as the expected output. The dtype of the output will be the one of the input array, unless it is logical, in which case it will be casted to int8. If not provided or None, a freshly- allocated array is returned.

Examples

>>> ht.invert(ht.array([13], dtype=ht.uint8))
DNDarray([242], dtype=ht.uint8, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.bitwise_not(ht.array([-1, -2, 3], dtype=ht.int8))
DNDarray([ 0,  1, -4], dtype=ht.int8, device=cpu:0, split=None)
bitwise_not

Alias for invert()

lcm(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, b: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Returns the lowest common multiple of |a| and |b| element-wise.

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray or scalar) – The first input (array), must be of integer type

  • b (DNDarray or scalar) – the second input (array), must be of integer type

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the divided value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> a = ht.array([6, 12, 15])
>>> b = ht.array([3, 4, 5])
>>> ht.lcm(a,b)
DNDarray([ 6, 12, 15], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> s = 2
>>> ht.lcm(s,a)
DNDarray([ 6, 12, 30], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.lcm(b,s)
DNDarray([ 6,  4, 10], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
left_shift(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Shift the bits of an integer to the left.

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray) – Input array

  • t2 (DNDarray or float) – Integer number of zero bits to add

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Output array for the result. Must have the same shape as the expected output. The dtype of the output will be the one of the input array, unless it is logical, in which case it will be casted to int8. If not provided or None, a freshly-allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the shifted value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> ht.left_shift(ht.array([1,2,3]), 1)
DNDarray([2, 4, 6], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
mul(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Element-wise multiplication (NOT matrix multiplication) of values from two operands, commutative. Takes the first and second operand (scalar or DNDarray) whose elements are to be multiplied as argument.

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – The first operand involved in the multiplication

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – The second operand involved in the multiplication

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided or None, a freshly-allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the multiplied value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> ht.mul(2.0, 4.0)
DNDarray(8., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> T1 = ht.float32([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
>>> s = 3.0
>>> ht.mul(T1, s)
DNDarray([[ 3.,  6.],
          [ 9., 12.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> T2 = ht.float32([[2, 2], [2, 2]])
>>> ht.mul(T1, T2)
DNDarray([[2., 4.],
          [6., 8.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
multiply

Alias for mul()

nan_to_num(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, nan: float = 0.0, posinf: float = None, neginf: float = None, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Replaces NaNs, positive infinity values, and negative infinity values in the input ‘a’ with the values specified by nan, posinf, and neginf, respectively. By default, NaNs are replaced with zero, positive infinity is replaced with the greatest finite value representable by input’s dtype, and negative infinity is replaced with the least finite value representable by input’s dtype.

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – Input array.

  • nan (float, optional) – Value to be used to replace NaNs. Default value is 0.0.

  • posinf (float, optional) – Value to replace positive infinity values with. If None, positive infinity values are replaced with the greatest finite value of the input’s dtype. Default value is None.

  • neginf (float, optional) – Value to replace negative infinity values with. If None, negative infinity values are replaced with the greatest negative finite value of the input’s dtype. Default value is None.

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must have the same shape as the expected output, but the datatype of the output values will be cast if necessary.

Examples

>>> x = ht.array([float('nan'), float('inf'), -float('inf')])
>>> ht.nan_to_num(x)
DNDarray([ 0.0000e+00,  3.4028e+38, -3.4028e+38], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
nanprod(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, axis: int | Tuple[int, Ellipsis] = None, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = None, keepdims: bool = None) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Return the product of array elements over a given axis treating Not a Numbers (NaNs) as one.

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – Input array.

  • axis (None or int or Tuple[int,...], optional) – Axis or axes along which a product is performed. The default, axis=None, will calculate the product of all the elements in the input array. If axis is negative it counts from the last to the first axis. If axis is a tuple of ints, a product is performed on all of the axes specified in the tuple instead of a single axis or all the axes as before.

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must have the same shape as the expected output, but the datatype of the output values will be cast if necessary.

  • keepdims (bool, optional) – If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option, the result will broadcast correctly against the input array.

Examples

>>> ht.nanprod(ht.array([4.,ht.nan]))
DNDarray(4., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.nanprod(ht.array([
    [1.,ht.nan],
    [3.,4.]]))
DNDarray(12., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.nanprod(ht.array([
    [1.,ht.nan],
    [ht.nan,4.]
]), axis=1)
DNDarray([ 1., 4.], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
nansum(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, axis: int | Tuple[int, Ellipsis] = None, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = None, keepdims: bool = None) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Sum of array elements over a given axis treating Not a Numbers (NaNs) as zero. An array with the same shape as self.__array except for the specified axis which becomes one, e.g. a.shape=(1, 2, 3) => ht.ones((1, 2, 3)).sum(axis=1).shape=(1, 1, 3)

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – Input array.

  • axis (None or int or Tuple[int,...], optional) – Axis along which a sum is performed. The default, axis=None, will sum all of the elements of the input array. If axis is negative it counts from the last to the first axis. If axis is a tuple of ints, a sum is performed on all of the axes specified in the tuple instead of a single axis or all the axes as before.

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must have the same shape as the expected output, but the datatype of the output values will be cast if necessary.

  • keepdims (bool, optional) – If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option, the result will broadcast correctly against the input array.

Examples

>>> ht.sum(ht.ones(2))
DNDarray(2., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.sum(ht.ones((3,3)))
DNDarray(9., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.sum(ht.ones((3,3)).astype(ht.int))
DNDarray(9, dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.sum(ht.ones((3,2,1)), axis=-3)
DNDarray([[3.],
          [3.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
neg(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Element-wise negation of a.

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – The input array.

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to

Examples

>>> ht.neg(ht.array([-1, 1]))
DNDarray([ 1, -1], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> -ht.array([-1., 1.])
DNDarray([ 1., -1.], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
negative

Alias for neg()

pos(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Element-wise positive of a.

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – The input array.

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – The output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to.

Notes

Equivalent to a.copy().

Examples

>>> ht.pos(ht.array([-1, 1]))
DNDarray([-1,  1], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> +ht.array([-1., 1.])
DNDarray([-1.,  1.], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
positive

Alias for pos()

pow(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Element-wise power function of values of operand t1 to the power of values of operand t2 (i.e t1**t2). Operation is not commutative.

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – The first operand whose values represent the base

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – The second operand whose values represent the exponent

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided or None, a freshly-allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the exponentiated value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> ht.pow (3.0, 2.0)
DNDarray(9., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> T1 = ht.float32([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
>>> T2 = ht.float32([[3, 3], [2, 2]])
>>> ht.pow(T1, T2)
DNDarray([[ 1.,  8.],
        [ 9., 16.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> s = 3.0
>>> ht.pow(T1, s)
DNDarray([[ 1.,  8.],
        [27., 64.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
power

Alias for pow()

prod(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, axis: int | Tuple[int, Ellipsis] = None, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = None, keepdims: bool = None) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Return the product of array elements over a given axis in form of a DNDarray shaped as a but with the specified axis removed.

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – Input array.

  • axis (None or int or Tuple[int,...], optional) – Axis or axes along which a product is performed. The default, axis=None, will calculate the product of all the elements in the input array. If axis is negative it counts from the last to the first axis. If axis is a tuple of ints, a product is performed on all of the axes specified in the tuple instead of a single axis or all the axes as before.

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must have the same shape as the expected output, but the datatype of the output values will be cast if necessary.

  • keepdims (bool, optional) – If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option, the result will broadcast correctly against the input array.

Examples

>>> ht.prod(ht.array([1.,2.]))
DNDarray(2., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.prod(ht.array([
    [1.,2.],
    [3.,4.]]))
DNDarray(24., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.prod(ht.array([
    [1.,2.],
    [3.,4.]
]), axis=1)
DNDarray([ 2., 12.], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
remainder(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Element-wise division remainder of values of operand t1 by values of operand t2 (i.e. t1%t2). Result has the same sign as the divisor t2. Operation is not commutative.

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – The first operand whose values are divided

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – The second operand by whose values is divided

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided, a freshly allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the divided value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> ht.remainder(2, 2)
DNDarray(0, dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> T1 = ht.int32([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
>>> T2 = ht.int32([[2, 2], [2, 2]])
>>> ht.remainder(T1, T2)
DNDarray([[1, 0],
        [1, 0]], dtype=ht.int32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> s = 2
>>> ht.remainder(s, T1)
DNDarray([[0, 0],
        [2, 2]], dtype=ht.int32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
mod

Alias for remainder()

right_shift(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Shift the bits of an integer to the right.

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – Input array

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – Integer number of bits to remove

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Output array for the result. Must have the same shape as the expected output. The dtype of the output will be the one of the input array, unless it is logical, in which case it will be casted to int8. If not provided or None, a freshly-allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the shifted value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> ht.right_shift(ht.array([1,2,3]), 1)
DNDarray([0, 1, 1], dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
sub(t1: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, t2: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | float, /, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray | None = None, *, where: bool | heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = True) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Element-wise subtraction of values of operand t2 from values of operands t1 (i.e t1-t2). Operation is not commutative.

Parameters:

  • t1 (DNDarray or scalar) – The first operand from which values are subtracted

  • t2 (DNDarray or scalar) – The second operand whose values are subtracted

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Output array. It must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to and matching split axis. If not provided or None, a freshly-allocated array is returned.

  • where (DNDarray, optional) – Condition to broadcast over the inputs. At locations where the condition is True, the out array will be set to the subtracted value. Elsewhere, the out array will retain its original value. If an uninitialized out array is created via the default out=None, locations within it where the condition is False will remain uninitialized. If distributed, the split axis (after broadcasting if required) must match that of the out array.

Examples

>>> ht.sub(4.0, 1.0)
DNDarray(3., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> T1 = ht.float32([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
>>> T2 = ht.float32([[2, 2], [2, 2]])
>>> ht.sub(T1, T2)
DNDarray([[-1.,  0.],
          [ 1.,  2.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> s = 2.0
>>> ht.sub(s, T1)
DNDarray([[ 1.,  0.],
          [-1., -2.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
subtract

Alias for sub()

sum(a: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray, axis: int | Tuple[int, Ellipsis] = None, out: heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray = None, keepdims: bool = None) → heat.core.dndarray.DNDarray

Sum of array elements over a given axis. An array with the same shape as self.__array except for the specified axis which becomes one, e.g. a.shape=(1, 2, 3) => ht.ones((1, 2, 3)).sum(axis=1).shape=(1, 1, 3)

Parameters:

  • a (DNDarray) – Input array.

  • axis (None or int or Tuple[int,...], optional) – Axis along which a sum is performed. The default, axis=None, will sum all of the elements of the input array. If axis is negative it counts from the last to the first axis. If axis is a tuple of ints, a sum is performed on all of the axes specified in the tuple instead of a single axis or all the axes as before.

  • out (DNDarray, optional) – Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must have the same shape as the expected output, but the datatype of the output values will be cast if necessary.

  • keepdims (bool, optional) – If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option, the result will broadcast correctly against the input array.

Examples

>>> ht.sum(ht.ones(2))
DNDarray(2., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.sum(ht.ones((3,3)))
DNDarray(9., dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.sum(ht.ones((3,3)).astype(ht.int))
DNDarray(9, dtype=ht.int64, device=cpu:0, split=None)
>>> ht.sum(ht.ones((3,2,1)), axis=-3)
DNDarray([[3.],
          [3.]], dtype=ht.float32, device=cpu:0, split=None)